ABB PCS 100 ESS AVC AVR

Technology Choice:   BEST IN CLASS -  Low voltage ride through (LVRT) • Voltage and frequency regulation functions. Dynamic Reactive Power Control.

Power Correction Level 1:  +/- 0-4% Variation on Output Power

Input Voltage Tolerance:  -80% Single Phase
-50-60% Three Phase Sag

Sizes: 150kVA, 300kVA, 450kVA, 600kVA, 750kVA, 900kVA, 1050kVA, 1200kVA, 1350kVA, 1500kVA, 1800kVA, 2400kVA, 3000kVA, 4000kVA, 5000kVA, 7.5MVA, 10MVA, 20MVA, 30MVA, 40MVA, 50MVA, 60MVA

Input Voltage: 480V Three Phase

Output Voltage Regulation: +/- 0=3%

Battery Runtimes: Voltage Regulation only - no battery storage

See Link for Runtime: PCS UPS-1 with Runtime Solutions

OPTIONS: Maintenance Bypass

CLASS: Active Voltage Correction, Type AVC, AVR

CORRECTS: Voltage Sags to 80% of nominal 1 Phase. 3 Phase Sags to 50%. Holds output voltage constant within +/- 4% output.

APPLICATIONS: Grid Edge Sensitive Instruments, Labs, Robotics, Plant and Process, Semiconductors, Pharmaceuticals, Plastic Extrusion, Metals and Mining, All Processes and Controls.

ROI: Reduced PCB and Board Failures, Reduced Downtime, Reduced Maintenance Costs. Typically 3-5 Years.

How the ABB PCS 100 Active Voltage Correction System Works

High Efficiency Design in Active Voltage Correction Technology

The system connects on the utility side of the load. During regular operation, the AVC continuously conditions the voltage. Should the utility supply voltage drop, the AVC will boost the output voltage by injecting voltage vectors to compensate for the missing voltage. The AVC does not protect during complete power outages. However, Production Facilities today see more than 99% of disturbing events caused by voltage variations in the form of sags or surges. These voltage events not only knock process equipment offline, but the stray voltage wears on components causing downtime and repair of boards, controls, and PLC parts. The direct spike in current (amperage) during a sag event is the damaging event to controls, boards and parts. These wearable items are costly, have lead times, and cause significant downtime in a running facility.

The Active Voltage Correction Device detects and manages output voltage response thousands of times per cycle. Correction can maintain consistent voltage output with a wide range of input voltage variations.  80% sag in a single phase will correct to 100% nominal voltage output. Up to 50% sags in all three phases duration to 30 seconds.

The system components include a rectifier, inverter and injection transformer. The AVC draws current from other phase during a sag event and corrects voltage phase angle and amplitude within 3 milliseconds. System operates continuously, is not "offline", and does not use any battery storage.

Because the unit corrects a voltage sag or swell within 3 ms, it is a much faster solution than a tap-changer, and it is possible to set the load voltage higher or lower than the grid voltage (±10%). Not only is magnitude continuously conditioned, but the phase angle is also corrected between the 3 phases, resulting in voltage unbalance to be near 0% under all conditions of unbalanced grid voltages or unbalanced load currents. Note: The AVC corrects the phase angle first and then the amplitude, all within a ½ cycle. Even if voltage flicker was significant in the grid, voltage flicker downstream from the grid is improved.

Benefits of AVC Voltage Correction

Industrial and Utility grade voltage sag and surge correction with advanced controls

Phase angle & magnitude in less than 3 ms

Continuous voltage regulation ± 10%, + duration sags 80% single phase

Up to 30 seconds of voltage sag ride-through at 3ph voltage > 50% nominal

99% efficient at full load

High performance in any climate

Does not lower fault capacity

Voltage unbalance correction

Voltage event capture

ABB PCS 100 ESS with Grid Tie Technology

The PCS100 ESS connects energy storage systems to the grid, in most cases via a dedicated coupling transformer as shown in Figure. The PCS100 ESS controls the power flow between the storage system and the grid and thus helps to provide various regulating tasks. If grid power is lost, it can also be used to power an islanded grid. Figure 6-1 also shows the location of the PCS100 ESS system voltage, which is one of the system’s main parameters. It depends on the PCS100 module type, DC operating range of the storage and the grid voltage tolerance and is specified during the ordering process. The product will then be delivered with the corresponding functional and protection settings.

The PCS100 ESS is based on a LV converter platform especially developed for power quality issues and characterized by wide bandwidth performance and great flexibility thanks to its modular power electronic configuration. It offers two main modes of operation, namely Current Source mode and Virtual Generator mode, which enables the PCS100 ESS to cover a wide range of applications and power system requirements.

GRID VOLTAGE SENSING AND CONNECTING TO GRID

The PCS100 ESS can be configured to operate in different modes and sub-modes depending on the application, making the PCS100 ESS extremely flexible and suitable for all common energy storage applications. The two system modes available are the Virtual Generator and Current Source Inverter modes, which are presented in more detail in sections 6.2 and 6.3, respectively. The currently active system mode is always displayed on the GDM Status Page. 

MODES

The PCS100 ESS can be configured to operate in different modes and sub-modes depending on the application, making the PCS100 ESS extremely flexible and suitable for all common energy storage applications. The two system modes available are the Virtual Generator and Current Source Inverter modes, which are presented in more detail in sections 6.2 and 6.3, respectively. The currently active system mode is always displayed on the GDM Status Page. 

Virtual Generator Mode

The ABB Virtual Generator mode is a unique operating mode for a power electronic converter whereby the converter mimics the behavior of a rotary generator and thus interacts with the power system in the same way as a traditional synchronous machine. This behavior is achieved purely through power electronic control and there are no large spinning masses. Physical inertia is modeled in the PCS100 ESS control system, providing a damping response to the grid frequency via the energy storage connected to the PCS100 ESS.1 In this mode the PCS100 ESS presents a low impedance voltage source to the AC grid, providing a balanced 3- phase voltage, i.e. the PCS100 ESS operates as a voltage source inverter (VSI). This mode is particularly useful for small grids, where the Virtual Generator voltage source provides stability in the network. Moreover, when operated in Virtual Generator mode, the PCS100 ESS can also create a micro or islanded grid (island), by controlling its own voltage and frequency. In this setting the PCS100 ESS supports the local loads with minimal disturbance. Operation in parallel with other voltage sources is also possible without any problem thanks to the inbuilt voltage and frequency droop control options. After the return of the main grid, it automatically re-synchronizes the island to the grid for seamless reconnection. The monitoring and indication of a grid failure can be done externally or by internal supervision based on frequency and voltage monitoring.

Thus, when set to Virtual Generator mode, the PCS100 ESS can be operated in two control modes2 : - PQ power flow control, where the converter operates with set-points for active and reactive power - Vf control, where the converter operates with fixed voltage and frequency set-points enabling islanding 6 Functional Description and Setup PCS100 ESS User Manual | 2UCD190000E001 rev. J 41 Note: 1 This inertia artificially limits the speed of the converter and this mode is thus not recommended for applications where fast control is required. 2 Switching between these control modes can be done while the system is running, which is particularly interesting for micro-grid applications. More details of these control modes is found in section 0. 

CSI Current Source Inverter Mode

In the current source inverter (CSI) mode the PCS100 ESS presents a high impedance current source to the AC grid, which provides a balanced 3-phase sinusoidal current to the grid regardless of grid conditions such as imbalance or harmonics. Compared to the Virtual Generator mode the CSI mode offers lower current ripple demand on the DC energy storage as it does not try to correct any imbalance or harmonics in the grid. Furthermore, a faster response to changes in the active and reactive power set-points can be achieved since the generator model, and thus the physical inertia modeled in it, is not present in the control loop of the CSI mode. Thanks to this the current source inverter mode is particularly useful in highly dynamic applications where sub-cycle response to power commands is required. Thus, typical applications for the CSI mode include: - Frequency regulation (P) - Voltage regulation (Q) - Load levelling / peak shaving (P) - Renewable generation smoothing (P and Q) - Power factor control (Q) - Voltage clamping (Q)

Comprehensive Lifetime Service Support for your AVR Equipment

7 x 24 Emergency Service Response

24x7 emergency service Services through FGC Services and Response Platform

Preventative Maintenance Plans Provided by FGC Services

Keep all your systems free of downtime with Preventative Maintenance Programs. 

Plans include Full Service, Preventative Maintenance Plus Emergency Response, and PM Only.

100% parts coverage

Parts coverage inside your warranty period, extended plans available for Annual or Multi-Year Programs

Asset Management Program

Roll all your Critical Assets and Maintenance Programs into one location - Facility Keys Preferred Platform

7x24 Emergency Response

National Service Coverage for Emergency Calls, On-Site Response, and Remediation.

Voltage Regulator vs. UPS: What are my Choices?

Correcting Voltage Not Outages

Most Data Center Designed UPS Systems are built to withstand minutes if not longer of complete power absence. Being designed to make almost perfect power until it is not there, systems are designed with highly efficient inverter systems and other components. Loads on these systems are often constant, non-reactive loads, and low in-rush. These systems, however, does not perform well in an active load environment, high in-rush current environment, and do not take in large input windows of voltage and repair them.

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